Carl F. Fey

Carl F. Fey

Professor of Strategy
BI Norwegian Business School
Visiting Scholar, Harvard

Bio

One career, two audiences

Most of my work sits at the point where academic rigor has to survive contact with a real balance sheet.

I'm currently Professor of Strategy at BI Norwegian Business School, where I lead the development of BI's flagship Master of Management program. Before Oslo, I was Professor of International Business and Director of the IB PhD Program at Aalto University in Helsinki, and Dean of Nottingham University Business School China — the first and largest Sino-foreign business school, where I grew the faculty from around 40 to 95+ scholars from 28 countries and increased top-tier research output by roughly 240%.

"Author of the most highly cited article in international human-resource management of the past fifty years." — Journal of World Business bibliometric analysis, 2021

None of that research stayed in a journal. In parallel, I've run my own consulting firm, Direction International, since 1997, and spent several years as a senior consultant at Ward Howell International — advising firms on foreign market entry, post-merger integration, and organizational effectiveness across Russia, China, and the CIS. I currently serve as a Visiting Scholar at the Boao Forum for Asia — often described as Asia's World Economic Forum — and was a Visiting Scholar at Harvard in 2026.

  • Based inOslo, Norway
  • RoleProfessor of Strategy, BI Norwegian Business School
  • AlsoVisiting Scholar, Boao Forum for Asia (2023–present)
  • EducationPh.D., Richard Ivey School of Business, Western Ontario (1997); B.S. Physics, Bates College (1991)
  • Editorial rolesEditorial Review Board, Journal of International Business Studies; former Deputy & Senior Editor, Management and Organization Review
  • RecognitionFellow, Academy of International Business — one of ~125 Fellows worldwide
  • MediaRegular commentator on CGTN / CCTV on China, trade, and global business
  • NationalityAmerican and Swedish
Academic Publications

70+ journal articles

A selection of the roughly ten academic articles I consider most representative of the work.

  • 2026

    Building compositional capability to enhance SME export performance: The role of government support programs

    Shahzad, K., Fan, D., Fey, C.F., Kim, D. & Liu, W. — Forthcoming, Journal of International Business Studies
  • 2021

    HR ambidexterity and absorptive capacities: A paradox-based approach to HRM capabilities and practice adoption in MNC subsidiaries

    Beletskiy, A. & Fey, C.F. — Human Resource Management, 60(6): 863–883
  • 2020

    Fostering integration through HRM practices: An empirical examination of absorptive capacity and knowledge transfer in cross-border M&As

    Zhou, A.Z., Fey, C.F. & Yildiz, H.E. — Journal of World Business, 55(2): 1–14
  • 2018

    When same is (not) the aim: A treatise on organizational cultural similarity, fit and knowledge transfer

    Morgoulis-Jakoushev, S., Yildiz, H.E. & Fey, C.F. — Journal of World Business, 53(2): 151–163
  • 2016

    Are the extent and effect of psychic distance perceptions symmetrical in cross-border M&As? Evidence from China and Sweden

    Yildiz, H.E. & Fey, C.F. — Journal of International Business Studies, 47(7): 830–857
  • 2009

    Opening the black box of the relationship between HRM practices and firm performance: A comparison of MNC subsidiaries in the USA, Finland, and Russia

    Fey, C.F., Morgulis-Yakushev, S., Park, H.J. & Björkman, I. — Journal of International Business Studies, 40(4): 690–712
  • 2008

    Top management compensation and co-ordination mechanisms in multinational corporations as drivers of knowledge transfer: The case of China and Finland

    Fey, C.F. & Furu, P. — Strategic Management Journal, 29(12): 1301–1323
  • 2005

    External sources of knowledge and performance in R&D organizations

    Fey, C.F. & Birkinshaw, J. — Journal of Management, 31(4): 597–615
  • 2003

    MNC knowledge transfer, subsidiary absorptive capacity and HRM

    Minbaeva, D., Pedersen, T., Björkman, I., Fey, C.F. & Park, H.J. — Journal of International Business Studies, 34(6): 586–599 · the most-cited HRM article of the past 50 years
  • 2003

    Organizational culture and effectiveness: Can American theory be applied in Russia?

    Fey, C.F. & Denison, D. — Organization Science, 14(6): 686–706
  • 2001

    The effect of human resource management practices on MNC subsidiary performance in Russia

    Fey, C.F. & Björkman, I. — Journal of International Business Studies, 32(1): 59–76

The complete list — including practitioner articles, books, cases, conference proceedings, and work in progress — is available on request.